318is

It introduced a new engine, the M42, which was based on the 1.8 litre M40 cast-iron block as used in the 318i model. The M42 differed most importantly by having a twin cam, four valve per cylinder chill-cast aluminium head. To reduce reciprocating mass lightweight internal components were used such as pistons and con rods. The M42 also boasts a forged steel crankshaft and runs a 10 to 1 compression ratio instead of the M40's 8.8 to 1.

The camshafts are hollow, with 15 mm tunnels bored through each. Intake valves are 33 mm and the exhausts, which are sodium filled for better heat dissipation, are 30.5 mm.

The M42 was touted as being a very low maintenance engine, courtesy of bucket-type tappets with hydraulic clearance adjustment and a dual-row timing chain (replacing a toothed belt).

There is a two stage throttle assembly to facilitate smooth driving at slower speeds. The first throttle butterfly is 35 mm accross and opens for slow cruising. But when the throttle is opened past a certain point, the second throttle, 54 mm across, opens to create a total cross section of 32.5 square millimetres.

Ignition is by an individual coil for each cylinder and all electronics (including fuel injection) overseen by the latest (at the time) Bosch DME system.

When BMW released the 318is in Australia in 1990 they chose to price it below the 'luxury tax' threshold which was $43,000 at the time. This meant that some luxuries were left out and the amount of options that could be added was limited. Standard equipment did include air conditioning, power steering and central locking but did not include power windows or alloy wheels. Options included power windows, 'basket weave' alloys, a manual sunroof, sports or leather seats, fog lamps and a LSD.

The 318is benefits from M pack suspension which comprises a 15 mm front, 17 mm rear reduction in ride height, heavier springs, and twin-tube gas pressure dampers. There are four wheel discs and weight distribution is aided by relocating the battery to the boot, although it is on the drivers side in right-hand drive form.
Body enhancements are minimal. A small rear spoiler is fitted as is a unique extended lower spoiler lip painted in body colour. Exterior colour range consisted of Alpine White, Brilliant Red, and the metallic shades of Diamond Black, Laser Blue and Sterling Silver.

Inside there is a leather covered three spoke steering wheel and gear knob, and base-level seats trimmed in a check fabric.

The E30 318is had a short lifespan. It was discontinued when the E36 series was introduced in March 1991, although the E36 318is did not arrive until 1992 in two door form, and a four door 318is followed several years later.

In E36 form the M42 gained a dual induction system and later was replaced by the M44, a twin cam 1.9 litre unit. An automatic transmission also became available with the E36 series.

BMW
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